Proundly Supported by
Pfizer Foundation
    Home | Current Issue | Past Issue | Board | Instruction | Contact


Role of Bronchial Washing in the Diagnosis of Endoscopically Visible Lung Cancer

600

Chalerm Liwsrisakun MD*, Chaicharn Pothirat MD*,
Chaiwat Bumroongkit MD*, Athavudh Deesomchok MD*
* Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University

Abstract


Objective : To evaluate the usefulness of bronchial washings in addition to endobronchial biopsies and/or
bronchial brushings for the pathological diagnosis of endoscopically visible lung cancer.
Material and Method : A retrospective study of patients diagnosed as lung cancer by bronchoscopy between
January 1995 and December 1998. Patients were included in the study if they had 1) endoscopically visible
tumors (exophytic mass or irregular mucosa) and 2) bronchial washings (BWs ) performed together with
either endobronchial biopsies (EBBs) or bronchial brushings (BRs ).
Patients were classified into 3 groups according to the result of the histocytology as follows:
A) positive in both BWs and EBBs / BRs, B) positive in only EBBs / BRs and C) positive in only BWs.
A number of patients in each group were analyzed to see the benefit of BWs as an add-on diagnostic
tool. The authors also evaluated the benefits of BWs in the subgroup of patients who had necrotic and
bleeding tumor. Statistical analysis of the data was performed by using the likelihood-ratio chi-square test.
Results : Two hundred and twenty-two patients were included in the present study. The number of patients in
group A, B and C was 108, 108, and 6, respectively. Therefore, BWs was the only diagnostic procedure in 6
patients (2.7%). Those 6 patients all had incurable non-small cell lung cancer. The likelihood of a positive
BWs in an exophytic mass was no different from irregular mucosa. The likelihood of a positive BWs in a tumor
with necrosis was higher than in a tumor without necrosis. In contrast, tumors with active bleeding had a
lower likelihood of positive BWs when compared with those without bleeding. The likelihood ratio showed
no statistical significance in any of the groups.
Conclusion : The addition of BWs to either EBBs or BRs is beneficial, but it may not be cost-effective. This
procedure may be useful in patients with an endoscopically visible necrotic tumor. In contrast, the
bronchoscopic finding of a bleeding tumor may be a negative predictor. This procedure may be a suitable
approach when performed only in selected cases, such as necrotic tumor or negative initial EBBs / BRs.

Keyword : Bronchial brushings (BRs ), bronchial washings (BWs ), endobronchial biopsies (EBBs ),



Download Full Paper
  Vol87_No6_600.pdf  [ 78.72 Kb]

Home | Current Issue | Past Issue | Board | Instruction | Contact

© Copyright The Medical Association of Thailand. All Rights Reserved.2001-2002
Acquista Cialis generico 5 mg Effetti collaterali del Cialis 5 mg Acquista Cialis 20mg online Prezzo di Cialis originale in Svizzera Acquista Viagra in Svizzera senza prescrizione Dove comprare Cialis 10mg Viagra in farmacia online effetti collaterali Costo di Cialis 5mg Opiniones de Reduslim Acquista Spedra Avanafil senza prescrizione Acquista Viagra in Svizzera senza prescrizione Comprar Cialis original Comprar Viagra Contrareembolso Cialis 5mg Viagra sin receta Cialis 5 mg efectos secundarios graves Reduslim precio Trastorno de la ereccin venta de tadalafilo avanafil prezzo cialis 20 mg prezzo cialis effetti benefici cialis 10 mg Reduslim Kaufen pulse crypto price prediction avanafil 100 mg prezzo buy cialis or generic tadalafil 9 http://diplomsagroups.com https://gosznac-diploma.com/ http://sreestrom.ru/ http://originality-diplomy.com https://russian-diplom.com 9 http://russdiplomiki.com https://diplomansy.com 11 https://diploms-asx.com http://diplomrussian.com 11 https://rudiplomisty24.com/ https://russiany-diploman.com/ https://land-diplom.com/ 11 https://kyc-diplom.com http://diploms-service.com https://originaly-dokuments.com https://diplomy-grup24.com/ http://aurus-diploms.com/kupit-diplom-stroitelya.html 9 https://diplomansy.com/kupit-diplom-s-reestrom http://diploms-service.com/diplomy-po-gorodam/novosibirsk 11 http://diplomyland.com/ https://premialnie-diplomansy.com https://diplomiki.com
https://aurus-diplomany.com
https://russiany-diplomana.com
https://originality-diplomik.com
https://lands-diplomy.com
https://okdiplom.com/
https://nsk-diplom.com/
https://ry-diplom.com/
https://diploms-vuza.com/
https://diplom-bez-problem.com/
https://kazdiplomas.com/
https://diplomoz-197.com/
https://kupit-diplomyz24.com/
https://prodiplome.com/
https://diplom5.com/
https://10000diplomov.ru/
https://1magistr.ru/
https://diplom-insti.ru/
https://kdiplom.ru/
https://diplom45.ru/
https://diplom-zakaz.ru/
https://peoplediplom.ru/
https://diplom-profi.ru/
https://bisness-diplom.ru/
https://kupite-diplom0024.ru/
11
11
11
https://diploman-asx.com
11
https://rudiplomirovany.com
https://premialnie-diploms.com
https://diplomans-doc.com
https://russiany-diplom.com
https://diplomy-gruppa.com
https://rudiplomis.com
https://rudiplomisty.com/
https://lands-diploms.com
https://originality-diploman.com
https://originality-diplomx24.com
https://originality-diploms24.com
https://originality-diploma24.com
https://originality-diploman24.com
https://originality-diplomans24.com
https://originality-diplomik24.com
https://originality-diplomix24.com
https://originality-diplomas24.com
9
https://originality-diplomiks24.com
https://originality-diplomiki24.com
https://ru-diplomirovan.com
https://ru-diplomirovany.com
www.ru-diplomirovanay.com
https://ru-diplomirovannie.com
rudiplomir.com
rudiplomirs.com
www.rudiplomira.com
rudiplomiry.com
https://rudiplomiru.com
ab-diplom24.ru
www.ab-diplom24.ru
http://www.24diplom07.ru
http://landik-attestats365.com
http://study-diploms.com}
9
11
9
http://diplomsagroups.com/kupit-diplom-o-srednem-obrazovanii/diplom-o-srednem-i-srednem-specialnom-obrazovanii.html
11
http://diplomsagroups.com/kupit-attestat-shkoly.html
https://premialnie-diplomansy.com/----/
https://premialnie-diplomansy.com/----/
https://premialnie-diplomansy.com/--/
https://russiany-diplomans.com/attestat-9-klassov
https://russiany-diplomans.com/srednee-spetsialnoe-obrazovanie
https://russiany-diplomans.com/kupit-diplom-kolledzha
https://russiany-diplomans.com/diplom-magistra
http://lands-diploms.com/ http://lands-diploms.com/specialnosti/yurist.html http://lands-diploms.com/goroda/krasnodar.html http://lands-diploms.com/goroda/omsk.html http://lands-diploms.com/goroda/chelyabinsk.html
http://aurus-diploms.com/attestat-9-klass.html http://aurus-diploms.com/obrazovanie/kupit-diplom-s-zaneseniem-v-reestr.html http://aurus-diploms.com/diplom-magistra.html http://aurus-diploms.com/geography/kupit-diplom-v-samare.html
http://radiploma.com/kupit-diplom-s-reestrom http://radiploma.com/kupit-diplomy-tehnikuma-kolledzha http://radiploma.com/kupit-diplomy-o-srednem-tehnicheskom-obrazovanii http://radiploma.com/kupit-diplom-kosmetologa
https://aurus-diplomans.com http://www.diplomas-asx.com https://diplomana-asx.com www.rusd-diplom.com https://rusd-diploms.com https://aurus-diplomany.com https://aurus-diplomik.com www.aurus-diplomas.com https://diplomans-asx.com diplomany-asx.com http://www.diplomys-asx.com https://diploman-servise.com http://www.radiploms.com http://www.radiplom.com radiplomy.com radiploma.com rudiplomisty24.com/--- http://www.rudiplomisty24.com/--- www.rudiplomisty24.com/--- rudiplomisty24.com/--
www.originality-diploman.com/----- originality-diploman.com/- originality-diploman.com/- www.originality-diploman.com/--
www.gosznac-diplomy.com/kupit-diplom-o-srednem-texnicheskom-obrazovanii www.gosznac-diplomy.com/diplom-spetcialista https://gosznac-diplomy.com/kupit-diplom-v-cheliabinske
diploman-asx.com/kupit-diplom-moskva https://diploman-asx.com/otzyvy http://www.diploman-asx.com/kupit-diplom-bakalavra-ili-specialista https://diploman-asx.com/kupit-diplom-specialista
11
http://www.diplom-belarus.com
diplomi-price.com
edu-digest.ru
http://proobzh.ru
http://www.edu-nt.ru/
http://www.student-madi.ru
http://dof-edu.ru
9
http://proobzh.ru
www.krsk-school47.ru http://www.russdiplomik.com/kupit-diplom-v-moskve.html russdiplomik.com/diplom-farmaczevta.html russdiplomik.com/diplom-s-reestrom-o-vyisshem-obrazovanii.html http://www.russdiplomik.com/kupit-diplom-v-novosibirske.html
http://www.russdiplomik.com/diplom-czena.html www.russdiplomik.com/diplom-farmaczevta.html russdiplomik.com/kupit-diplom-sankt-peterburg.html russdiplomik.com/kupit-diplom-v-ekaterinburge.html https://russiany-diplomans.com/diplom-o-srednem-obrazovanii http://www.russiany-diplomans.com/kupit-diplom-vracha www.russiany-diplomans.com/kupit-diplom-ekaterinburg http://www.russiany-diplomans.com/kupit-diplom-pskov https://arena-diplom24.com/attestaty https://arena-diplom24.com/diplomy-po-spetsialnosti/diplom-yurista https://ryazan.arena-diplom24.com/ http://www.novorossijsk.arena-diplom24.com/ www.diploms-goznak.com/attestat-vechernej-shkoly http://diploms-goznak.com/kupit-diplom-v-dnepropetrovske http://www.diploms-goznak.com/kupit-diplom-v-zhitomire http://diploms-goznak.com/kupit-diplom-v-zaporozhe - www.diploms-goznak.com/kupit-diplom-v-odesse diploms-goznak.com/vrach www.diploms-goznak.com/diplom-uchilishcha www.diploms-goznak.com/diplom-starogo-obraztsa http://www.diploms-goznak.com/diplom-tekhnikuma-kolledzha diploms-goznak.com/farmatsevt diploms-goznak.com/yurist http://diploms-goznak.com/meditsinskij-diplom diploms-goznak.com/svidetelstvo-o-rozhdenii
https://diplomy-servise.com
diploman-dok.com
diploman-doks.com
diploman-doky.com
www.diploman-doku.com http://education-ua.com/kupit-legalnyij-diplom-v-ukraine.html
www.education-ua.com/attestat-diplom.html
education-ua.com/zaporozhe.html
education-ua.com/kieve.html
http://education-ua.com/odesse.html
http://education-ua.com/summah.html
9
http://education-ua.com/ternopole.html
education-ua.com/diplom-o-mediczinskom-obrazovanii.html
http://www.education-ua.com/diplom-vyisshee.html
http://education-ua.com/kupit-nastoyashhij-diplom-goznak.html
http://www.education-ua.com/
education-ua.com/diplom-texnikuma-kolledzha.html
education-ua.com/diplom-magistra-ukrainskogo-vuza.html
http://www.education-ua.com/diplom-o-mediczinskom-obrazovanii.html
http://www.education-ua.com/diplom-medsestry.html
www.education-ua.com/diplom-nedorogo.html
http://education-ua.com/kupit-diplom-novogo-obrazca.html
www.education-ua.com/otzivi-pogelania.html
www.education-ua.com/diplom-vyisshee.html
http://education-ua.com/diplom-uchilishha.html
http://education-ua.com/diplom-s-registracziej.html
http://www.education-ua.com/kupit-diplom-s-provodkoj-v-ukraine.html
http://www.education-ua.com/diplom-specialista-ukrainskogo-vuza.html
http://www.education-ua.com/diplom-uchilishha.html
http://www.education-ua.com/kupit-diplom-sssr-na-nastoyashhem-blanke.html
http://education-ua.com/svidetelstvo-o-rozhdenii.html
11
http://education-ua.com/svidetelstvo-o-smerti.html
education-ua.com/svidetelstvo-o-brake.html
www.education-ua.com/svidetelstvo-o-razvode.html http://rudiplomisty24.com/-11- https://diplomy-servise.com http://dipplomy.com www.egpu.ru http://vina-net.ru/ cursovik.ru www.spravkipiter.ru alcoself.ru www.school625.ru www.moek-college.ru www.mmcmedclinic.ru www.intimvisit.ru http://med-pravo.ru/ http://moskva-medcentr.ru/ intim-72.ru razigrushki.ru www.dgartschool.ru www.ftbteam.ru http://sb26.ru/ http://www.originaly-dokuments.com/attestaty/attestat-za-9-klass https://originaly-dokuments.com/diplom-o-srednem-spetsialnom-obrazovanii https://originaly-dokuments.com/gorod/nizhnij-tagil https://originaly-dokuments.com/gorod/vologda www.originaly-dokuments.com/gorod/saratov https://originaly-dokuments.com/spetsialnosti/yurist originaly-dokuments.com/spetsialnosti/povar www.originaly-dokuments.com/gorod/krasnodar originaly-dokuments.com/attestaty/attestat-za-11-klass http://www.originaly-dokuments.com/gorod/ekaterinburg www.originaly-dokuments.com/attestaty https://originaly-dokuments.com/spetsialnosti/bukhgalter www.originaly-dokuments.com/gorod/omsk originaly-dokuments.com/gorod/novosibirsk www.originaly-dokuments.com/gorod/sankt-peterburg originaly-dokuments.com/gorod/chelyabinsk www.originaly-dokuments.com/gorod/orjol originaly-dokuments.com/diplom-o-vysshem-obrazovanii/diplom-bakalavra originaly-dokuments.com/diplom-o-vysshem-obrazovanii/diplom-magistra www.originaly-dokuments.com/spetsialnosti/menedzher https://originaly-dokuments.com/diplom-o-srednem-spetsialnom-obrazovanii/diplom-kolledzha https://originaly-dokuments.com/diplom-o-srednem-spetsialnom-obrazovanii
- - - -- - - premialnie-diplomansy.com https://premialnie-diplomansy.com/--/ www.premialnie-diplomansy.com www.originality-diploman.com originality-diploman.com https://originality-diploman.com/-- originality-diploman.com https://originality-diploman.com/-- https://originality-diploman.com/---- www.originality-diploman.com http://https://originality-diploman.com/-- premialnie-diplomansy.com originality-diploman.com www.premialnie-diplomansy.com premialnie-diplomansy.com https://premialnie-diplomansy.com/--/ https://premialnie-diplomansy.com/--/ www.premialnie-diplomansy.com www.premialnie-diplomansy.com http://https://originality-diploman.com/--
9
www.gosznac-diplomy.com http://https://gosznac-diplomy.com/kupit-diplom-vuza-rossii http://https://gosznac-diplomy.com/diplom-sredne-spetcialnoe-obrazovanie http://https://gosznac-diplomy.com/kupit-diplom-v-moskve gosznac-diplomy.com gosznac-diplomy.com https://gosznac-diplomy.com/svidetelstvo-o-rozhdenii http://https://gosznac-diplomy.com/diplom-feldshera gosznac-diplomy.com https://gosznac-diplomy.com/diplom-stroitelya
9 9 11
originality-diplomans.com
rudiplomis24.com
www.diploma-asx.com
https://gosznac-diplom.com/ diploman-doci.com
https://originality-diplomans.com/
www.rudiplomis24.com
https://lands-diplom.com/
https://gosznac-diplom.com/ http://https://aurus-diplom.com/
https://originality-diplomans.com/
https://rudiplomista24.com/
www.diploma-asx.com
https://gosznac-diplom.com/ https://aurus-diplom.com/
http://https://originality-diplomans.com/
https://rudiplomista24.com/
https://lands-diplom.com/
www.gosznac-diplom.com http://https://aurus-diplom.com/
http://diplomsagroups.com/diplomy-po-specialnosti/diplom-buhgaltera.html www.originality-diploman24.com https://originality-diplomans.com/ https://originality-diploma24.com/- http://https://frees-diploma.com https://ekaterinburg.arena-diplomi24.com/ http://https://ekaterinburg.arena-diplomi24.com/